Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis presenting as the temporomandibular disorder: A case report and literature review

Background: Spasticity and pain in the masticatory muscles or mouth opening limitation have been reported as early signs and symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These signs and symptoms are also frequently seen in, and thus mistaken for, temporomandibular disorders (TMD).

Clinical presentation: The authors report a case of ALS initially presenting with signs and symptoms of TMD. The TMD was followed by dysarthria of insidious onset, leading to the diagnosis of ALS. This case highlights the importance of considering TMD as a potential early form of presentation of ALS, requiring multidisciplinary treatment, especially by dental professionals.

Conclusion: A review of the literature was conducted to elucidate the oral and facial signs and symptoms of ALS and to identify ways of improving the quality of life of patients through a multidisciplinary approach.     

采用改良的Sugiura术治疗肝硬化并发门脉高压症患者疗效研究*

目的 探讨采用改良的Sugiura术治疗肝硬化并发门脉高压症患者的疗效及其对门脉血流动力学指标的影响。方法 回忆性分析2013年5月~2015年5月期间我院治疗的56例肝硬化并发门脉高压症患者的临床资料,手术前后采取玻璃管水柱法测量自由门静脉压（FPP）,采用吲哚氰绿15分钟潴留率(ICGR15)检测肝脏储备功能,计算肝脏有效血流（ELBF）,使用B超检测门脉内径、门静脉血流量（PVF）、肝动脉血流（HAF）和肝总血流量（THF）的变化。结果 经过改良的Sugiura术治疗,56例患者手术成功,出现肺部感染和胸腔积液4例,切口感染2例,门静脉血栓形成5例,吻合口狭窄4例,胃瘘1例。经充分引流、营养支持、抗感染、补充白蛋白或输注血浆等对症支持治疗,病情逐步缓解或痊愈;术后FPP水平为（21.3±3.4） cmH₂O,显著低于术前水平【（32.5±5.0）cmH2O,P<0.05】;在术后,56例患者EHBF、THF和PVF水平分别为（0.5±0.1） ml/min、（1481.1±354.0） ml/min和（1046.1±258.0） ml/min,在术后3 m,分别为（0.5±0.3）ml/min、（1574.1±326.0） ml/min和（1131.0±304.1） ml/min,均显著低于术前水平 [分别为（0.7±0.3） ml/min、（1891.0±392.1） ml/min和（1523.1±291.1）ml/min,P<0.05];术后HAF水平为 （435.0±142.1） ml/min,术后3 m时为（443.0±183.1） ml/min,均显著高于术前水平【（368.1±139.1）ml/min,P<0.05】;术后患者ICGR15为（22.7±7.9）%, 显著高于术前的（19.3±5.5）%,差异显著（F=7.327,P<0.05）;手术前后门静脉内径变化差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;术后1 m和术后3 m,患者血清白蛋白水平大幅升高【分别为（35.2±2.3） g/L和（36.8±1.7） g/L对（31.8±1.7） g/L,P<0.05】;在术后1 m时,患者外周血PLT和WBC计数分别为（144.5±7.2）×10⁹/L和（13.8±0.6）×10⁹/L,在术后3 m时则分别为（98.1±10.6）×10⁹/L和（4.2±0.8）×10⁹/L,均显著高于术前水平【分别为（75.3±6.7）×10⁹/L和（3.4±0.3）×10⁹/L,P<0.05】。结论 采用改良的Sugiura术治疗肝硬化并发门脉高压症患者能够改善肝功能、血细胞和门脉系统血流动力学指标,降低门静脉压力,对防治病情恶化和消化道出血有帮助,其远期疗效还有待观察。     

Rapid and sensitive HPLC-MS/MS method for quantitative determination of isochlorogenic acid B in rat plasma and its application in pharmacokinetic study

Asensitive LC-ESI-MS/MS method for determination of isochlorogenic acid B in rat plasma was developed and validated in the present study. Plasma samples were prepared by a simple protein precipitation with methanol containing resveratrol as internal standard (IS). The chromatographic separation was performed on a Zorbax SB-C₁₈ column (3.5 μm, 2.1 mm×100 mm, Agilent, USA) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min using methanol/water containing 0.1% formic acid (v/v) as mobile phase. The detectionwas performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer equipped with Electronic Spray Ion by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) of the transitions at m/z 515.3→352.9 for isochlorogenic acid B and m/z 227.1→143.1 for IS, respectively. The calibration curve of the method was linear over the range of 5–2500 ng/mL (r² = 0.9982). The intra- and inter-day precisions (R.S.D.%) were less than 12.46%, and the accuracy (R.E.%) was within ±5.80%. Isochlorogenic acid B was sufficiently stable under all relevant analytical conditions. The validated method was successfully applied to the plasma pharmacokinetic studies of isochlorogenic acid B in rats. It was found that isochlorogenic acid B had non-linear pharmacokinetic characteristics in rats within the dosage ranges from 5 to 20 mg/kg.     

基于专业能力进阶制度的护理人员优化层级管理模式初探

目的　探讨分析基于护理专业能力进阶制度的优化层级管理模式在临床的应用效果。方法　选择重庆市大足区二级及以上5家医院共500名护士作为研究对象，随机分为干预组和对照组，每组护士各250名，对照组护士采用传统管理模式，干预组护士采用基于专业能力进阶制度护理人员优化层级管理模式，比较分析两组护士护理能力、临床工作质量和不良事件发生率。采用SPSS 23.0进行卡方检验和t检验。结果　两组护士年龄、性别、婚姻、职称、工作年限等差异没有统计学意义（P>0.05），基线资料保持一致，具有可比性。进行优化层级管理后，干预组护士护理能力得分（82.30±3.83）明显高于对照组（72.78±5.33）；干预组护士护理工作质量得分（97.53±9.71）明显高于对照组（90.17±8.18）。对两组医院不良事件发生率进行组间比较，干预组不良事件发生率（0.9%）明显低于对照组（3.9%），差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论　基于专业能力进阶制度的护理人员优化层级管理模式能够提升护理人员的专业能力和临床护理质量，降低不良事件发生率，为提升护理管理水平提供借鉴和参考。     

Predictive factors analysis of the efficacy of cyclophosphamide combined with glucocorticoids in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy

Objective To investigate the predictive factors affecting the efficacy of cyclophosphamide (CTX) combined with glucocorticoids in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), and to evaluate the efficacy of calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) adjustment due to poor treatment. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Two hundreds and twenty-eight patients with IMN diagnosed by renal biopsy in the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from January 1, 2007 to December 1, 2016 were enrolled. All subjects were treated with CTX in combination with glucocorticoids. The patients were divided into two groups: remission group and no remission group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the baseline clinical-pathological influencing factors for the remission of IMN in the enrolled patients. Results The number of total remission (including complete and partial remission) of the first CTX combined with glucocorticoid treatment in 228 patients with IMN was 188(82.5%). Among them, 141 patients (61.8%) had complete remission (CR), the median time for CR was 8(6, 12) months, and the median time for partial remission (PR) was 3(1, 4) months. The median follow-up time for this study was 25(13, 43) months. Compared with the remission group, the serum albumin level was lower in the non-remission group, the 24-hour urine protein content, the blood complement C3 and C4 levels were higher, and the pathological stage was milder (all P﹤0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that the levels of baseline serum albumin, complement C4, and pathological stage were independent predictors of clinical remission in IMN patients. Twenty-four non-remission patients were treated with CNI. The overall response rate was 66.7%(16/24) at 6 months and 77.3%(17/22) at 12 months. Conclusions The levels of baseline albumin, blood complement C4, and pathological stage were independent predictors of clinical remission in IMN patients treated with CTX plus glucocorticoids. The non-remission patients with CTX combined with glucocorticoid therapy can still achieve a higher response rate after adjusting for CNI.     

Cardiac Denervation for Arrhythmia Treatment with Transesophageal Ultrasonic Strategy in Canine Models

Stellate ganglion (SG) modification has been investigated for arrhythmia treatment. In this study, transesophageal SG imaging and intervention were explored using a homemade 30F integrated focused ultrasonic catheter in healthy mongrel canines in vivo. Anatomic details of SGs were ultrasonically imaged and evaluated. SG had a heterogeneous echoic structure and characteristic profiles sketched by hyper-echoic outlines in an ultrasonogram. Left SGs in the experimental group were successfully ablated through the esophagus under ultrasonic guidance provided by the catheter itself. Two weeks after the ablation, the QT and QTc of the experimental group decreased compared with those of the sham group and at baseline (both p values < 0.001). Histologic examination revealed that left SGs were destroyed. No major complications were observed. This approach may be further explored as a method for ganglia remodeling evaluation and as a strategy of ganglia modification for arrhythmia and for other diseases.     

住院医师规范化培训中引入Mini-CEX的实践

目的　观察对住院医师规范化培训部分学员使用Mini-CEX进行临床教学的效果。方法选取我院2015级住培学员40名，随机分为对照组和实验组，每组20人。2015年10月至2018年4月，对照组采用传统教学；实验组在传统教学基础上结合Mini-CEX活动，实验组每人在每个轮转科室至少进行2次Mini-CEX。毕业时应用改良的Mini-CEX评分量表、病例答辩和OSCE三种考核方法对两组学员进行测评。针对实施过Mini-CEX的教师和学员分别发放问卷，进行满意度调查。采用SPSS 18.0对数据进行统计分析，组间比较采用独立样本t检验，组内前后比较采用配对样本t检验。结果 Mini-CEX测评显示，两组学员各项临床能力毕业成绩均高于入学成绩，实验组学员毕业成绩优于对照组，实验组学员成绩提高分数大于对照组提高分数，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。病例答辩显示，实验组学员平均成绩为（81.16±3.75）分，优于对照组的（70.13±3.88）分，差异有统计学意义（t= -9.140，P=0.000）。OSCE考核显示，实验组平均总分为（96.300±4.681），优于对照组的（91.775±3.227）分，差异有统计学意义（t=-3.559，P=0.001）。共发放调查问卷80份，其中教师40份、学员40份，结果显示教师满意率达95.0%、学员满意率达92.5%。结论　Mini-CEX应用于住院医师规范化培训临床带教中，有利于提高学员的临床思维、医患沟通和人文关怀能力。     

基于知识图谱的名医经验传承模式探究＊

名医经验传承是中医药文化传承和发展的重要内容。本文结合当前名医经验传承研究的基本现状以及名医学术经验整理与深度传承发展的核心需求，提出基于知识图谱的名医经验传承模式研究构想。利用知识图谱在多维度知识及海量信息网络整合方面的优势，从名医学术源流整理，学术思想挖掘及临床经验整理等多个角度出发，探讨知识图谱构建和挖掘分析的研究思路。通过多主题、结构化的知识图谱构建，探索名医经验传承系统化、规范化建设的新思路。